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高中英语新课标新增词汇汇总(A~F)

编辑:[db:作者] 时间:2024-08-24 23:32:19

A

absolutely /bslutli/

高中英语新课标新增词汇汇总(A~F)

adv. 完备地;绝对地

He made his reasons for resigning absolutely clear.

他把辞职的情由讲得一目了然。

【口】

Absolutely not!

绝对弗成!
当然不!

Absolutely!

正是!
当然!

actually /ktuli/ adv.(句子副词)(口语)

实际上,实在;说实在的〔用于补充新的信息、解释个人不雅观点或开始新的对话〕

Actually,on second thoughts,I don’t think I want to go out tonight.

说实在的,再想想,我今晚不打算出去了。

addict /dkt/ n. ①吸毒成瘾的人;瘾君子②对……入迷的人

She is a TV addict and watches as much as she can.

她是个电视迷,看起电视来没完没了。

【参】

addicted adj. 上瘾的 

addiction n. 瘾 

addictive adj. 使人成瘾的

adorable /drbl/ adj. 可爱的;讨人喜好的

Oh what an adorable little baby!

啊,多么可爱的小宝宝!

【参】

adorably adv. 可爱地

a.m. /eem/ abbr.午夜至中午,上午,午前(源自拉丁语 ante meridiem)

ambitious /mbs/ adj.

① 野心的;有年夜志的

They were very ambitious for their children.

(=They wanted their children to be successful).

他们望子成龙。

②费力的;耗资的

the government's ambitious plans for social reform

政府耗资巨大的社会改革操持

【参】

unambitious adj. 无年夜志的;不求名利的

ambitiously adv. 有野心地;费力地

ambition n. 年夜志壮志

anticipate /ntspet/ v. 预见;预期

The schedule isn't final,but we don't anticipate many changes.

日程没有末了定下来,但是我们预见不会有许多变革。

anticipate doing sth. 预期做某事

anticipate +that从句 预见做某事

apparently /prntli/ adv. 听说;看来,彷佛

I wasn't there,but apparently it went well.

我当时不在,但是听说事情进展顺利。

She turned to face him,her anger apparently gone.

她转过身面对着他,彷佛怒气已经消了。

assign /san/ vt. 分配(某物);分派,支配(事情、任务等)

The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children.

(= The teacher assigned each of the children a different task.)

老师给每个儿童支配的作业都不相同。

assign sb. to do sth.

分派某人做某事

Madison was assigned to investigate a balloon accident.

麦迪逊被派去调查一宗气球事件。

【参】

assigner n. 分配人

assignment n. 作业

B

barely /beli/ adv.

①仅仅;刚刚;勉强可能

We barely had time to catch the train.

我们差点儿没遇上火车。

②险些不(hardly)

Joe and his brother are barely on speaking terms.

乔和他哥哥险些不说话。

bet(bet,bet,betting )/bet/ v. 下赌注(于);用……打赌;敢说

He bet $2,000 on the final score of the game.

他下2 000美元赌比赛的末了比分。

She bet me 20 that I wouldn't do it.

她和我打20英镑的赌,说我不会那么做。

bet...on... 在……上赌……

bet sb. sth. that... 和某人打赌……

I bet... 我敢肯定/预言/相信……

You bet!
当然!
一定!
一点儿不错!

billion /bilin/ num. 十亿

Worldwide sales reached 2.5 billion.

环球发卖额达到了25亿。

【考】billions of sth. 数以十亿计,大量

【用】

billion,dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million之前有确定的数字时,不论后面有无of,词尾都不加s,但是如果前面没有确定的数字,则后接of,词尾都加s。

blog /bl/ ①n. 网络日志,博客 ②v.(blogged,blogged,blogging)写网志;写博客

【参】blogger 博客作者

boost /bust/

vt. 使增长;使茂盛

boost sb.'s confidence 增强某人的信心

n. 帮助;勉励

The tax cuts will give a much needed boost to the economy.

减税将给经济带来急迫须要的推动力。

C

calligraphy /klrfi/ n. 书法;书法艺术

calorie /klri/ n. 大卡,千卡(丈量食品含热量的单位)

No sugar for me,thanks—I'm counting my calories.

我不要糖,感激。
我在掌握摄取的热量。

a low-calorie drink/diet 低热量的饮料/饮食

campus /kmps/ n.(大学或学院的)校园

on/off campus 在/不在校园里

capable /kepbl/ adj. 有能力;有才能

I'm perfectly capable of doing it myself,thank you.

感激,我完备有能力自己做这项事情。

【考】

capable of sth./of doing sth. 有能力做某事

【辨】

skilled有技能的;闇练的 competent 足以胜任的;有能力的

capacity /kpsti/ n.

①容量;容积;容纳能力

They played to a capacity crowd

(= one that filled all the space or seats).

他们给人隐士海的不雅观众演出。

②领悟(或理解、办事)能力

Limited resources are restricting our capacity for developing new products.

有限的资源正制约着我们开拓新产品的能力。

career /kr(r)/

n. 生涯;职业

a career in politics从政生涯

v.(尤指失落控地)猛冲,奔跑,飞奔

The vehicle careered across the road and hit a cyclist.

那辆车横冲过马路,撞上了一个骑自行车的人。

cease /sis/ v.(使)停滞,终止,结束

Welfare payments cease as soon as an individual starts a job.

一旦就业,即停发福利救援。

【考】

cease to do sth.= cease doing sth.停滞做某事

halt(使)停滞;停下 stop停滞;停下

charity /trti/ n. 慈善机构(或组织);慈善;赈济

The concert will raise money for local charities.

这场音乐会将为当地慈善机构募捐。

【考】

charity begins at home 博爱始于自家

china /tan/ n. 瓷;瓷料;瓷器

cite /sat/ v.

提及(缘故原由)(mention);举出(示例);列举;奖励

He cited his heavy workload as the reason for his breakdown.

他提到,繁重的事情负荷是他累垮的缘故原由。

【考】

cite sth.(as sth.) 提及……(作为……)

cite sb.(for sth.)(因……)而奖励……

claim /klem/

vt. 声称,声明;哀求

The company claimed that their goods had been loaded into the cabin,and shipped to a distant port.

公司声称他们的货色已经装入船舱,并运到了一个迢遥的港口。

n. 索赔;所有权

They made a claim for the stolen goods. 他们哀求赔偿被偷的货色。

【考】

claim+ that从句 声称……

claim to do sth. 声称要做某事

claim sth. 哀求得到某物

make a claim for… 就……提出哀求

lay claim to sth. 声称有得到某物的权利

have no claim to/on sth./on sb. 无权要求某事/某人

client /klant/ n.

①委托人;当事人

Social workers must always consider the best interests of their clients.

社会事情者必须时候考虑其当事人的最佳利益。

②(computing 计)a computer that is linked to a server(连接在做事器上的)客户机

clue /klu/

n.(帮助警方破案的)线索,迹象;(问题答案的)线索,提示

The police think the videotape may hold some vital clues to the identity of the killer.

警方认为那盘录像带可能录有能确认凶手身份的一些主要线索。

v. 给(某人)供应最新信息

He’s just clued me in on the latest developments.

他刚给我供应了最新的进展情形。

not have a clue 一无所知;不知怎么做

clue sb. in(on sth.)给某人供应最新

clue用作名词时,后接介词to,about,as to等。

collapse /klps/

v. 倒塌,塌下;(因病或虚弱)溘然倒下(昏倒)

The roof had collapsed long ago.

屋顶早就塌了。

He collapsed with a heart attack while he was dancing.

他舞蹈时因心脏病突发而倒下了。

n. 溘然失落败;溘然瓦解

His business was in danger of collapse. 他的公司有倒闭的危险。

column /klm/

n. 柱;(书、报纸印刷页上的)栏;(报刊的)专栏

The temple is supported by marble columns.

这座寺庙由大理石柱子支撑着。

the financial column 财经专栏

comic /kmk/

adj. 风趣的;使人发笑的(funny)

n. 笑剧演员

comparison /kmprsn/ n. 比较;比拟,比较

Comparison with other oil-producing countries is extremely interesting.

与其他石油生产国作比较是很故意思的。

It is difficult to make a comparison with her previous book—they are completely different.

这很难与她以前的书比较,两者是截然不同的。

by comparison(尤用于句首)比较起来,较之

by/in comparison(with sb./ sth.)(与……)比较较

there’s no comparison 根本不能相提并论

complain /kmplen/

v. 抱怨;埋怨;发牢骚

I’m going to complain to the manager about this.

我要就这件事向经理投诉。

She never complains,but she’s obviously exhausted.

她虽然从不抱怨,但显然已怠倦不堪。

complain to sb. about/of sth. 向某人抱怨某事

complain of sth. 诉说(病情或痛楚)

complain to sb.+that从句 向某人抱怨某事

complaint n. 抱怨;埋怨;投诉

complicated /kmplketd/ adj. 难懂的;难处理的;构造繁芜的

For young children,getting dressed is a complicated business.

对小孩子来说,穿衣服是件繁芜的事。

The human brain is an incredibly complicated organ.

人脑是一个构造极其繁芜的器官。

comprehensive /kmprhensv/

adj. 全部的;所有的;(险些)无所不包的;详尽的(=complete,full)

a comprehensive list of addresses 详尽的地址目录

a comprehensive study 全面的研究

【辨】

comprehensible adj. 易于理解的

understanding adj. 善解人意的

【参】

comprehensively adv. 全部地

confidence /knfdns/ [U] n. 信心;信赖;相信;自傲心;把握

The players all have confidence in their manager.

队员都相信他们的经理。

He gained confidence when he went to college.

他在上大学时增强了自傲。

【用】

confidence 可后接介词in,动词不定式或that从句。

Confucianism /knfjunizm/ n.孔子学说;儒学;儒教

Confucianist 儒家

Confucius /knfjus/ n. 孔子(中国哲学家,教诲家)

Confucius institute 孔子学院(非营利性公益机构)

Confucius temple 孔庙

consultation /knslten/ n.

①[U] 咨询;商榷;磋商

The decision was taken after close consultation with local residents.

这项决定是在与当地居民仔细磋商后做出的。

②[C]商榷会;协商会extensive consultations between the two countries

两国之间的广泛磋商

consumption /knsmpn/ [U] n.(能量、食品或材料的)花费,花费量;消费

Gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather.

燃气和燃油的花费量总会在天冷时增加。

Consumption rather than saving has become the central feature of contemporary societies.

当代社会的紧张特色是消费而不是储蓄。

【考】

consume 花费;消费

contact /kntkt/ n.(尤指常常的)联系,联结;触摸;打仗

Have you kept in contact with any of your friends from college?

你和你大学里的朋友还保持联系吗?

His fingers were briefly in contact with the ball.

他的手指稍稍地打仗了一下球。

v. 联系,联结(如用电话或信件)

I've been trying to contact you all day.

我本日一贯在设法与你联系。

contain /knten/ vt.

①包含;容纳;装有,含有

The Olympic Games contain many events,such as swimming and sailing.

奥运会包含许多比赛项目,例如拍浮和帆船运动等。

How much does the bottle contain?

这个瓶子的容量是多少?

②抑制;掌握,克制(强烈的情绪)

Hearing the news,he couldn't contain himself and burst into laughter.

听到这个他难以克制,放声大笑起来。

【一言辨异】

The container contains many kinds of fruits,including apples/apples included.

那个容器中盛着很多种水果,个中包括苹果。

(注:including视为介词,included视为形容词)

contest

n. /kntest/ 比赛;竞赛 a talent contest 才艺比赛

vt. /kntest/ 争取赢得(比赛、选举等);抗辩

Three candidates contested the leadership.

有三位候选人竞赛领导权。

to contest a will

(= try to show that it was not correctly made in law) 对遗嘱提出质疑

be no contest 完备不是对手,毫无竞争可言

context /kntekst/ n.(事情发生的)背景,环境;高下文;语境

His decision can only be understood in context.

只有理解来龙去脉才能明白他的决定。

You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.

你该当能从高下文猜出这个词的含义。

contract

n. /kntrkt/ 条约;合约;左券

to win/be awarded a contract to build a new school 得到承建一所新学校的条约

v. /kntrkt/ 与……订立条约;(使)紧缩,缩小;传染(疾病)

Glass contracts as it cools. 玻璃遇冷紧缩。

to contract a virus/a disease 传染病毒/疾病

【考】

contract in(to sth.)订约参与

contract out(of sth.)订约不参与;退出(或不参加)……合约

contract sth. out to sb. 订约把……承包出去

contrast

n. /kntrst,kntrst/

明显的差异;比拟;对照;颜色反差

There is an obvious contrast between the cultures of East and West.

东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。

v. /kntrst,kntrst/

比拟;对照

The poem contrasts youth and age.

这首诗比拟了青春与老年。

【考】

by/in contrast 比较之下

in contrast with/to 与……比拟;与……相反

make a contrast with 与……形成比拟

cooperate /kpret/ v. 互助;协作

They had cooperated closely in the planning of the project.

他们曾密切互助,共同方案这一项目。

【参】

cooperation n. 互助;协作

core /k(r)/

n. 果心;(物体的)中央部分;核心

Concern for the environment is at the core of our policies.

对环境的关注是我们政策的核心。

adj. 最主要的;紧张的;基本的

We need to concentrate on our core business.

我们须要集中在核心业务上。

The use of new technology is core to our strategy.

利用新技能是我们策略的关键。

v. 去掉果心;去核儿

【考】

to the core 直至核心;十足;透顶

corporate /kprt/ adj. 公司的;团体的;法人的

The company is moving its corporate headquarters

(=main offices)from New York to Houston.

这家公司正要把总部从纽约迁到休斯敦。

The university is a corporate body made up of several different colleges.

这所大学是一个由几所不同的学院组成的法人团体。

【参】

corporately adv. 公司地;全体地

costume /kstjum/ n. 服装,装扮服装;(戏剧或电影的)戏装

She has four costume changes during the play.

她在这出戏里要换四次服装。

council /kansl/ n.(市、郡等的)政务委员会,地方议会;委员会

a council member/meeting 政务委员会委员/会议

the State Council 国务院

the UN Security Council 联合国安全理事会

county /kanti/ n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县

the southern counties 南部各郡

coverage /kvrd/ n. 新闻宣布;信息范围;保险

media coverage 媒体的宣布

magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics 包含大量饮食与康健话题的杂志

medicaid health coverage for low-income families 对低收入家庭的医疗保险

creative /krietv/

adj. 创造(性)的;创作的

creative thinking

(= thinking about problems in a new way or thinking of new ideas)创造性思维

n. [C] 富于创造力的人;搞创作的人;[U]创意

The exhibition features the paintings of local creatives.

这个展览会展出的是当地画家的作品。

【参】

creativity /krietvti/ n. [U] 创造力

crisis /krass/ n.危急;危急关头

a political/financial crisis政治/金融危急

In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to. 在危难关头我知道能投靠哪些朋友。

critical /krtkl/ adj. 批评的;批驳性的;极主要的;关键的

a critical comment 批驳性的评论

Your decision is critical to our future.

你的决定对我们的将来至关主要。

【参】

critically adv. 挑剔地

crucial /krul/ adj. 至关主要的;关键性的

Winning this contract is crucial to the success of the company.

赢得这份条约对这家公司的成败至关主要。

play a crucial role/part in 在……方面起主要的浸染

be crucial(to/for sth.)对……至关主要

It is crucial(that ...)做……很主要。

crucially adv. 至关主要地

【辨】

critical adj. 极主要的;关键的 essential adj. 极其主要的

current /krnt/

adj. 现时发生的;当前的;现在的

current prices 时价

your current employer 你现在的店主

n.(海洋或江河的)水流,潮流;气流;电流

Birds use warm air currents to help their flight. 鸟利用暖气流助飞。

D

definitely /defntli/ adv. 肯定;没问题;当然

I definitely remember sending the letter.

我记得这封信肯定发出去了。

definitely not 肯定不会

definition /defnn/ n.(尤指词典里的词或短语的)释义,阐明;清晰度

Neighbours by definition live close by.

顾名思义,“邻居”就要居住在临近的地方。

The definition of the digital TV pictures is excellent. 数字电视图像的清晰度很高。

demonstrate /demnstret/ v. 证明;证明;表露;演示

These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working. 这些结果有力地证明,我们的运动正在发挥浸染。

You need to demonstrate more self-control. 你该当表现出更强的低廉甜头力。

deny /dna/ v. 否认;否定;谢绝承认

There’s no denying(the fact)that quicker action could have saved them. 无可否认,如果行动快一点儿,本可以救得了他们的。

She denied all knowledge of the incident.

她矢口否认知晓此事的任何情形。

【用】

there is no denying that…=it can't be denied that… 无可否认

deny doing sth. 否认做某事

deny sth. to sb.=deny sb. sth. 谢绝给与某人某物

denial n. 否认;否定

undeniable adj. 无可争议的;确切无疑的

depress /dpres/ v. 使烦闷;使沮丧;使冷落;降落(价格)

It depresses me to see so many young girls smoking.

看到这么多年轻女孩吸烟,我感到很沮丧。

The recession has depressed the housing market.

经济衰退导致住房市场不景气。

to depress wages/prices 减少人为;降落价格

【参】

depressed adj. 忧闷的;沮丧的

depressing adj. 令人烦闷的;令人沮丧的

depressingly adv. 令人烦闷地

despite /dspat/ prep. 纵然;只管

Her voice was shaking despite all her efforts to control it.

只管她不遗余力掌握自己,但她的声音仍旧在抖动。

【用】

不要用despite勾引从句,但可接现在分词,或用despite the fact that(=although)勾引从句;despite意思与in spite of 一样,但despite后面不能接of。

detail /ditel/

n. [C] 细微之处;详情

Tell me the main points now, leave the details till later.

现在把要点见告我,细节留到往后再说。

v. 详细列举;叮嘱消磨;选派

The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities. 这本小册子详细先容了当地所有旅社及其举动步伐。

Several of the men were detailed to form a search party. 几绅士兵被派组成一个搜索队。

【考】

go into detail(s) 详细阐述;逐一解释

in detail详细地

detect /dtekt/ v. 创造;查明;侦察出

The tests are designed to detect the disease early.

这些检讨旨在提早查出疾病。

【参】

detective n. 侦查;警探

device /dvas/ n. 装置;仪器;炸弹;手段

a water-saving device 节水装置

the world’s first atomic device 天下第一枚原子弹

Sending advertising by email is very successful as a marketing device.

作为一种营销手段,用电子邮件发送广告是非常成功的。

【考】

leave sb. to their own devices

听任某人自行其是

discipline /dspln/

n. [U] 演习;训导;低廉甜头力;遵守纪律

The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.

这所学校因纪律严格而有名遐迩。

He’ll never get anywhere working for himself—he’s got no discipline.

他为自己事情是不会有什么造诣的——他毫无低廉甜头力。

v. 惩罚;自我掌握;严格哀求

The officers were disciplined for using racist language.

这些军官因利用种族歧视性措辞而受随处分。

【考】

discipline sb. for sth. 因某事惩罚某人

display /dsple/

v. 陈设;展出;展示;显露

The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their works.

这次展览为当地艺术家供应了展示自己作品的机会。

I have rarely seen her display any sign of emotion.

我难得见到她喜大发雷霆。

n. 陈设;展览;演出

a window display 橱窗陈设

a firework display 烟火演出

【考】

on display(= on show)陈设;展出

display sth.(to sb.)(向某人)展示某物

distinct /dstkt/ adj. 清晰的;截然不同的

His voice was quiet but every word was distinct.

他说话声音不大,但字字清晰。

rural areas,as distinct from major cities

完备不同于大城市的屯子地区

【参】

distinctly adv. 清楚地

distinctness n. [U] 清楚

distribution /dstrbjun/ n. [U] 分配;分发;分送;分销

The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.

舆图上标明了这一物种在全天下的分布情形。

the distribution of food and medicines to the flood victims

向遭受洪灾的难民分发食品和药物

【参】

distributional adj. 分配的;分发的

dolphin /dlfn/ n. 海豚

domain /dmen/ n.(知识、活动的)领域;(尤指旧时个人、国家等所拥有或统治的)领土

Physics used to be very much a male domain.

物理学曾在很大程度上是男人的领域。

The Spice Islands were within the Spanish domains.

喷鼻香料群岛曾是西班牙的领地。

domestic /dmestk/

adj. 本国的,海内的;家用的

domestic affairs/politics 海内事务/政治

domestic appliances 家用用具

n. 家佣;家庭轇轕

【参】

domestically adv. 本国地

dragon /drn/ n. ①(传说中的)龙;②(especially BrE) 悍妇;母夜叉

drama /drm/ n. [C] 戏,剧;[U] 戏剧文学;[C] 戏剧性事宜

a costume/historical,etc. drama 古装、历史等剧

classical drama 古典戏剧

A powerful human drama was unfolding before our eyes.

一个极富人情味的戏剧性场面展现在我们的面前。

make a drama out of sth. 小题大做;大惊小怪

dramatic /drmtk/ adj. 溘然的;激动民气的;戏剧的

dramatic results 出人意料的结果

a dramatic victory 激动民气的胜利

a local dramatic society 地方戏剧协会

【参】

dramatically adv. 溘然地;激动地

drought /drat/ n. 久旱;旱灾

duration /djuren/ n. [U] 持续韶光;期间

a contract of three years’ duration 三年期的条约

【考】

for the duration 直到……结束;在全体……期间

E

ease /iz/

n. [U] 随意马虎;轻易;舒适

The ease with which she learns languages is astonishing.

她学习措辞之轻松令人惊异。

In his retirement,he lived a life of ease. 他退休后过着清闲舒适的生活。

v.(使)宽慰;小心缓缓地移动

It would ease my mind(= make me less worried)to know that she was settled.

知道她已安顿下来会使我放心些。

He eased slowly forwards.

他缓缓向前移动。

She eased herself into a chair.

她蹑手蹑脚地坐到椅子上。

【考】

stand at ease 稍息

at (your) ease 舒适;自由清闲

put sb. at (their) ease 使舒适;使清闲;使不受拘束

economic /iknmk/ adj. 经济上的;经济学的;可赢利的

social,economic and political issues 社会、经济和政治问题

economic growth/cooperation/development/reform 经济增长/互助/发展/改革

【参】

uneconomic 不赢利的;不赢利的

【辨】

economic 经济上的 economical(=cheap or not wasteful)经济的,节约的

efficient /fnt/ adj. 效率高的;有能力的

efficient heating equipment 效能好的供暖设备

【参】

efficiently adv. 效率高地

inefficient adj. 效率低的;能力差的

elderly /eldli/ adj. 年纪较大的,上了年纪的(婉辞,与old同义)

elderly relatives 年迈的亲戚

【考】

the elderly 老人;上了年纪的人

element /elmnt/ n. 基本部分;要素;元素

Honesty is a vital element of her success.

老实是她取获胜利的主要成分。

【考】

the elements of sth.

某事物的根本(事理);纲要

be in one's element 适得其所,得心应手

be out of one's element 不得其所

elsewhere /elswe(r)/ adv. 在(或去、到)别处

The answer to the problem must be sought elsewhere.

这个问题的答案必须在别处探求。

embarrassed /mbrst/ adj.

尴尬的;尴尬的;困窘的

He was embarrassed to admit making a mistake.

他承认犯了一个缺点,感到很不好意思。

【考】

be embarrassed about/at 因……而窘迫/尴尬

be embarrassed to do sth.

窘迫/尴尬地做某事

【参】

embarrass vt. 使尴尬;使窘迫

embarrassing adj. 令工资难的;令工资难的

embarrassment n. [U] 窘迫;尴尬

emerge /imd/ v.(从暗藏处或暗处)涌现,浮现;露出原形

The swimmer emerged from the lake.

拍浮者从湖水中浮出来。

It emerged that the company was going to be sold.

事已清楚,这家公司准备出售。

【参】

emergence [U] n. 涌现;显现

emphasis /emfss/ n.(pl. emphases)重点,主要性;重读,重音

The course places emphasis on practical work.

这门课程重视实践。

The emphasis should be on the first syllable.

重音应落在第一个音节上。

enable /nebl/ v. 使能够,使有机会;使可行

The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds.

这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。

a new train line to enable easier access to the stadium

到运动场更为便捷的新列车线路

【考】

enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事

encounter /nkant(r)/

v. 遭遇,碰着(尤指令人烦懑或困难的事);有时碰到

We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week. 我

们在第一周碰着了很多困难。

She was the most remarkable woman he had ever encountered.

她是他所见过的最出色的女性。

n.(意外、溘然或暴力的)相遇,重逢,遭遇

The story describes the extraordinary encounter between a man and a dolphin.

这个故事描述了一个男人与一只海豚之间的奇遇。

engage /ned/ v. 吸引住(把稳力、兴趣);雇用;聘任

It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye.

这是一部令民气旷神怡的影片。

He is currently engaged as a consultant.

他现在受雇为顾问。

【考】

engage in sth./engage sb. in sth.(使)从事,参加

【参】

disengage v.(使)分开,松开;解脱

enhance /nhns/ v. 提高;增强

This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the company.

这是提高该公司荣誉的机会。

【参】

enhanced adj. 提高了的 enhancement n. 提升

enormous /nms/ adj. 巨大的;弘大的;极大的

an enormous amount of time大量的韶光

ensure /n(r)/ v. 担保;包管;确保(insure AmE)

The book ensured his success.

这本书担保了他的成功。

Please ensure(that) all lights are switched off.

请务必将所有的灯都关掉。

【辨】

在日常英语中,人们一样平常说make sure,而不说ensure。
make sure后接从句(that可有可无),绝对不跟直接宾语。

regulations to ensure their safety→ regulations to make sure that they are safe 确保他们安全的规定

entitle /ntatl/ v. [often passive] 使享有权利;使符合资格;给……命名(或题名)

Everyone's entitled to their own opinions.

大家都有权揭橥自己的见地。

He read a poem entitled “Salt”.

他读了一首题为《盐》的诗。

【考】

entitle sb. to(do)sth. 使某人有权利(做)某事

be entitled sth. 被命名为……

episode /epsd/ n.(人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段,插曲(incident)

I'd like to try and forget the whole episode. 我

倒想只管即便把那段经历全部忘掉。

One of the funniest episodes in the book occurs in Chapter 6.

书中最有趣的片段之一在第6章。

equator /kwet(r)/ n. 赤道

essential /senl/

adj. 完备必要的;必不可少的;实质的

It is essential to keep the two groups separate.

将这两组分开是完备必要的。

The essential difference between Sara and me is in our attitude to money.

我与萨拉的根本差异在于我们对金钱的态度。

n. [usually pl.] 必不可少的东西;必需品;要素

I only had time to pack the bare essentials(= the most necessary things).

我只是来得及装上最基本的必需品。

【考】

sth. is essential for/to sb. 某事对某人来说极为主要

It is essential +that从句 ……是必不可少的(从句用虚拟语气)

it is essential to do sth. 做某事是完备必要的

It is essential for all to be present.所有职员必须全部出席。

It is essential that all should be present.

It is essential that all be present.

establish /stbl/ v. 建立;创立;使立足;使稳固

The new treaty establishes a free trade zone.

新条约设立了自由贸易区。

He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established.

他刚建立起自己的公司,但要站稳脚跟还得花上一段韶光。

【参】

established adj. 已确立的;著名的;成名的

establishment n. 机构;当权派,权势集团;建立

estate /stet/ n. [C](常日指屯子的)大片私有地皮,庄园;住宅区;工业区

estimate n. /estmt/(对数量、本钱等的)估计;估价

I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.

我可以粗略估计一下你所须要的木材量。

v. /estmet/ 估价;估算

The satellite will cost an estimated 400 million.

这颗卫星估计要耗资 4 亿英镑。

【考】

be estimated to be/have/cost 估计是/有/花费

estimate sth. at… 估计某物有多少数量

【注】

在日常英语中,人们常说put sth. at an amount,而不说estimate sth. at。

The damage was put at thousands of dollars.

丢失估计有数千美元。

【参】

estimated adj. 估计的

eve /iv/ n.(尤指宗教节假日的)前夜,前夕;傍晚;薄暮

Christmas Eve(= 24 December)圣诞前夕(12 月 24 日)

a New Year’s Eve party(= on 31 December)新年晚会

exceptional /ksepnl/ adj. 精彩的;精良的;非常的;特殊的

At the age of five he showed exceptional talent as a musician.

他五岁时就表现出非凡的音乐才能。

expansion /kspnn/ n.(尺寸、范围、数量等的)扩大;(公司、企业等的)扩展

The rapid expansion of cities can cause many social and economic problems.

城市规模的迅速扩大会带来各种社会和经济问题。

The industry underwent a period of rapid expansion.

该家当经历了一轮快速扩展。

exposure /ksp(r)/ n. [U] 面临,遭受(危险或烦懑);戳穿

the company's exposure on the foreign exchange markets

(= to the risk of making financial losses)公司面对外汇市场的风险

the exposure of illegal currency deals 对造孽交易货币的戳穿

extend /kstend/ v. 使伸长;扩大

to extend a fence/road/house 扩建护栏/公路/屋子

to extend a deadline/visa 延长末了期限/签证

【参】

extension n. 扩大;延伸

extensive adj. 广阔的;广大的

external /kstnl/ adj. 外部的,表面的;与外国有关的,对外的

the external walls of the building 建筑物的外墙

【参】

internal adj. 内部的;里面的 externally adv. 外部地

extinction /kstkn/ n. 灭绝,绝种

species in danger of extinction 有灭绝危险的物种

on the edge of extinction( = nearly extinct )濒临灭绝

extremely /kstrimli/ adv. 极其;极度;非常

extremely important/useful/complicated 极为主要/有用/繁芜

F

fabric /fbrk/ n. 织物;布料;(社会、机构等的)构造

cotton fabric 棉织物

furnishing fabrics 室内装饰织品

facilitate /fsltet/ v. 促进;使便利

Computers can be used to facilitate language learning.

打算机可以用来方便措辞学习。

【参】

facilitation n. [U] 促进

facility /fslti/ n. 举动步伐;设备;(供特定用场的)场所

sports/leisure facilities 体育/休闲举动步伐

the world's largest nuclear waste facility 天下最大的核废物处理场所

factor /fkt(r)/

n. 成分,要素;系数

The weather could be a crucial factor in tomorrow’s game.

景象情形会是来日诰日比赛一个至关主要的成分。

v. factor sth. in/into sth. 将……计入;把……考虑在内

Remember to factor in staffing costs when you are planning the project.

方案该项目时,记住要把人事费考虑在内。

factor sth. out 不将……计入;不把……考虑在内

fashion /fn/

n.(衣服、发式等的)盛行格局;(行为、活动等的)时尚

dressed in the latest fashion 穿着入时

v.(尤指用手工)制作,使成形,塑造

She fashioned a pot from the clay.

她用黏土制成一个罐。

She fashioned the clay into a pot.

她用黏土制成一个罐。

【考】

fashion A(from/out of B)

=fashion B(into A)用B制成A

be in the fashion盛行

be/go out of fashion 过期

come back into fashion 重新盛行

be the height of fashion 是时尚之最

keep up with fashion 紧跟潮流

【注】

不要说the last fashion,

而要说the latest fashion。

feature /fit(r)/

n. 特色;特色;特点;(报纸、电视等的)特写

Teamwork is a key feature of the training programme.

团队互助是这项培训操持的主要特点。

a special feature on education 关于教诲的专题文章

v. 以……为特色;是……的特色

The latest model features alloy wheels and an electronic alarm.

最新格局的特色是合金车轮和电子报警器。

financial /fannl,fnnl/ adj. 财政的;财务的;金融的

financial services 金融做事

【参】financially adv. 财政地;金融地

finding /fand/ n. 调查创造;调研结果

The findings of the commission will be published today.

委员会的调查结果将于本日公布。

flavour /flev(r)/

n.(食品或饮料的)味道;特点;气氛

It is stronger in flavour than other Dutch cheeses.

这比其他荷兰干酪的味道要浓。

Foreign visitors help to give a truly international flavour to the occasion.

外国客人使这个场合显出一种真正国际性的气氛。

v. 给(食品或饮料)调味;加味于

flavour sth. with sth. 给某物调味

【考】

have a sweet/strong flavour 有甜/浓重的味道

add/give flavour 增味/调味

improve/enhance the flavour 提味

be full of flavour 美味十足

fluent /flunt/ adj. 流利的,流畅的

He speaks fluent Italian.

他说一口流利的意大利语。

【参】

fluently adv.流利地 

fluency n.(措辞等的)流利

formal /fml/ adj.

①(穿着、言语、行为等)适宜正式场合的;正规的

the formal evening dress 晚礼服

The dinner was a formal affair.

这是正式宴会。

She has a very formal manner,which can seem unfriendly.

她的举止很是郑重其事,有可能会显得不友好。

②(官方的)正式的;合乎规矩的

Formal diplomatic relations between the two countries were re-established in December.

两国于十仲春重新建立了正式外交关系。

【参】

formally adv. 正规地;正式地

informal adj. 非正规的;友好随便的

fortunately /ftntli/ adv. 幸运地;交好运地(句子副词)(=luckily)

Fortunately for him,he was very soon offered another job.

他运气好,很快就有人聘请他做另一份事情。

【参】

unfortunately adv. 不幸地;遗憾地(=unluckily)

foundation /fanden/ n. 地基;房基;根本;基本事理

The builders are now beginning to lay the foundations of the new school.

建筑工人正开始给新学校打地基。

The explosion shook the foundations of the houses nearby.

爆炸震荡了附近房屋的地基。

【考】

shake/rock the foundations of sth.

从根本上动摇

shake/rock sth. to its foundations

从根本上动摇

frank /frk/

adj. 坦率的;坦直的(=honest)

To be frank with you,I think your son has little chance of passing the exam.

坦诚相告,我认为你的儿子不大可能通过考试。

v.(在信件上)盖邮资已付印记,盖免付邮资印记

【考】

be frank about sth. 对某事开门见山

be frank with sb. 对某人坦诚

【参】frankness n. [U] 坦诚;坦直

frequency /frikwnsi/ n. 发生率;涌现率;频繁

Fatal road accidents have decreased in frequency over recent years.

近年来致命交通事件发生率已经低落。

the alarming frequency of computer errors 电脑故障的警告频率

frequently /frikwntli/ adv. 频繁地;常常

some of the most frequently asked questions about the Internet

有关互联网的一些最常见的提问问题

【参】

infrequently adv. 不常常发生地,罕见地

frightened /fratnd/ adj. 惊吓的;受惊的;害怕的

I'm frightened of walking home alone in the dark.

我害怕在阴郁中单独走路回家。

I'm frightened for him(= that he will be hurt,etc.).

我为他的安全担惊受怕。

【考】

be frightened of sth. 害怕某事

be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事

be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事

be frightened for 为……担惊受怕

be frightened +that-clause 害怕……

【辨】

不要稠浊frightened和frightening,前者形容觉得,后者形容令人害怕的事物。

a frightened horse 一匹受惊的马

a frightening experience 一次令人害怕的经历

fund /fnd/

n. 基金;专款;资金

a disaster relief fund 赈灾专款

government funds 政府资金

v. 供应资金;拨款

a government-funded programme 政府帮助项目

further /f(r)/

adv.(空间间隔)较远,更远;进一步;在更大程度上

We had walked further than I had realized.

不知不觉中我们已经走得很远。

The police decided to investigate further.

警方决定作进一步调查。

adj. 更多的;更进一步的;附加的

Cook for a further 2 minutes.

再煮两分钟。

v. 促进;匆匆进

She took the new job to further her career.

她接管了这项新事情以进一步发展她的奇迹。

【考】

go further 进一步说;更耐久

go no further/not go any further 到此为止

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